{"id":1084,"date":"2014-09-08T20:39:01","date_gmt":"2014-09-08T20:39:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gaski.is\/gaski\/?p=32"},"modified":"2023-02-16T14:20:28","modified_gmt":"2023-02-16T14:20:28","slug":"brjosklos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/brjosklos\/","title":{"rendered":"Brj\u00f3sklos"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Brj\u00f3sklos (diskus prolaps)<\/strong><\/p>

\"\"<\/p>

Hrygg\u00fe\u00f3far, brj\u00f3sk\u00fe\u00f3far e\u00f0a diskar liggja \u00e1 milli hryggjali\u00f0a og mynda li\u00f0am\u00f3t sem gefa kost \u00e1 hreyfingu milli \u00feeirra. Hver hrygg\u00fe\u00f3fi hefur um lei\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6gt hlutverk vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 binda hryggjarli\u00f0i saman og \u00e1 hverjum diski hv\u00edlir talsver\u00f0ur \u00feungi \u00ed ath\u00f6fnum okkar daglega l\u00edfs.<\/p>

\u00dea\u00f0 eru 23 hrygg\u00fe\u00f3far \u00ed hryggnum: 6 \u00ed h\u00e1lsi, 12 \u00ed brj\u00f3sthrygg og 5 \u00ed mj\u00f3hrygg, \u00feeir eru disklaga og ger\u00f0ir \u00far brj\u00f3ski. Ytra lag diskana er \u00far sterku trefjabrj\u00f3ski en kjarninn er ger\u00f0ur \u00far \u201cgelkenndu\u201d brj\u00f3ski. \u00deessir byggingar eiginleikar hafa \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r a\u00f0 diskarnir virka sem demparar milli einstakra hryggjali\u00f0a.<\/p>

\u00dea\u00f0 er nefnt brj\u00f3sklos \u00feegar ytra birg\u00f0i hrygg\u00fe\u00f3fa rofnar, kjarni hans leitar \u00fat og \u00fer\u00fdstir \u00e1 a\u00f0l\u00e6ga taugar\u00f3t. Algengast er a\u00f0 brj\u00f3sklos ver\u00f0i \u00ed mj\u00f3hrygg en um 95% \u00feeirra ver\u00f0a \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sv\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/p>

Einkenni<\/strong><\/p>

Einkenni r\u00e1\u00f0ast af \u00fev\u00ed hvar brj\u00f3sklosi\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur og hversu mikil \u00e1hrif \u00fea\u00f0 hefur \u00e1 n\u00e6rliggjandi vefi. Almennt m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 einkennin sem fylgja brj\u00f3sklosi s\u00e9u a\u00f0allega vegna \u00fer\u00fdstings \u00e1 taugar\u00e6tur og \u00feau geta veri\u00f0 allt fr\u00e1 v\u00e6gum \u00f3\u00fe\u00e6gindum upp \u00ed \u00f3b\u00e6rilega verki. Ef brj\u00f3sklos ver\u00f0ur \u00ed h\u00e1lsi \u00fe\u00e1 koma einkennin fram \u00ed handlegg e\u00f0a fingrum og ef \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00ed mj\u00f3hrygg m\u00e1 reikna me\u00f0 a\u00f0 einkennin s\u00e9u \u00e1 lendarsv\u00e6\u00f0i og \/ e\u00f0a \u00ed f\u00f3tlegg. \u00der\u00fdstingur \u00e1 taugar\u00e6tur hefur \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r a\u00f0 m\u00e1ttur einstakra v\u00f6\u00f0va minnkar e\u00f0a \u00feeir jafnvel lamast. \u00dea\u00f0 getur einnig dregi\u00f0 \u00far skyni s.s. snertiskyni og f\u00f3lk finnur fyrir dofa \u00e1 \u00e1kve\u00f0nu sv\u00e6\u00f0i. Alla jafna koma einkennin fram a\u00f0ein \u00f6\u00f0ru megin \u00ed l\u00edkamanum en ver\u00f0i \u00fer\u00fdstingur \u00e1 m\u00e6nu \/ m\u00e6nutagl geta einkenni komi\u00f0 fram beggja vegna l\u00edkamans, sem geta veri\u00f0 krampar og\/e\u00f0a l\u00f6mun og skyntruflanir.<\/p>

Loks m\u00e1 nefna sjaldg\u00e6f h\u00e6ttumerki en \u00feau eru truflanir \u00e1 \u00fevagl\u00e1tum og\/e\u00f0a skyntruflanir vi\u00f0 enda\u00fearm og\/e\u00f0a kynf\u00e6ri og\/e\u00f0a minnkandi m\u00e1ttur e\u00f0a l\u00f6mun \u00ed b\u00e1\u00f0um f\u00f3tum. Ver\u00f0i f\u00f3lk vart vi\u00f0 sl\u00edk vandam\u00e1l \u00fearf \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 hafa tafarlaust samband vi\u00f0 l\u00e6kni.<\/p>

Oft eru einkenni sta\u00f0bundi\u00f0 \u00fear sem brj\u00f3sklosi\u00f0 er sta\u00f0sett en \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki algilt. Einnig eru d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk s\u00e9 einkennalaust.<\/p>

Orsakir<\/strong><\/p>

Me\u00f0al \u00feekktra orsaka eru \u00f3heppilegt l\u00edkamlegt \u00e1lag hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 tengist vinnu e\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed sem f\u00f3lk f\u00e6st vi\u00f0 \u00ed fr\u00edt\u00edma s\u00ednum. H\u00f6gg sem berast upp hrygginn og vinna vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 lyfta og bera, s\u00e9r \u00ed lagi me\u00f0 sn\u00fainn og beyg\u00f0an hrygg. Langvarandi setur og setur vi\u00f0 titring og\/e\u00f0a h\u00f6gg auka \u00e1 h\u00e6ttuna. Of mikil l\u00edkams\u00feyngd og l\u00e9legt l\u00edkamlegt \u00e1stand geta haft \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r auki\u00f0 \u00e1lag \u00e1 hrygginn og h\u00e6ttu \u00e1 brj\u00f3sklosi.<\/p>

Ranns\u00f3knir hafa s\u00fdnt a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0nir erf\u00f0a\u00fe\u00e6ttir auka l\u00edkur \u00e1 brj\u00f3sklosi. Einnig eru reykingar s\u00e9rstakur \u00e1h\u00e6ttu\u00fe\u00e1ttur.<\/p>

Greining<\/strong><\/p>

Greining byggir \u00e1 s\u00f6gu, einkennum og sko\u00f0un. \u00ddmis pr\u00f3f eru ger\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa brj\u00f3sklos e\u00f0a \u00fatiloka a\u00f0ra \u00fe\u00e6tti. Einnig er myndgreining notu\u00f0 til sta\u00f0festingar og mismunagreiningar og er segul\u00f3mun (MRI) \u00e1rei\u00f0anlegast lei\u00f0in.<\/p>

Me\u00f0fer\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>

N\u00fdleg \u00edslensk ranns\u00f3kn lei\u00f0ir \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 batahorfur \u00feeirra sem f\u00e1 brj\u00f3sklos \u00ed mj\u00f3hrygg og f\u00e1 tilv\u00edsum til sj\u00fakra\u00fej\u00e1lfara eru betri en \u00feeirra sem ekki f\u00e1 tilv\u00edsun. Gjarnan eru verkjalyf og b\u00f3lguey\u00f0andi lyf notu\u00f0 til skemmri t\u00edma samhli\u00f0a me\u00f0fer\u00f0 sj\u00fakra\u00fej\u00e1lfara. \u00cd flestum tilvikum er ekki \u00fe\u00f6rf \u00e1 a\u00f0ger\u00f0.<\/p>

Hlutverk sj\u00fakra\u00fej\u00e1lfara \u00ed me\u00f0fer\u00f0 vegna brj\u00f3skloss er mikilv\u00e6gt. Me\u00f0al \u00feess er a\u00f0 beita a\u00f0fer\u00f0um til \u00feess a\u00f0 draga \u00far verkjum og halda \u00feeim \u00ed skefjum, lei\u00f0beina me\u00f0 l\u00edkamsbeitingu \u00ed daglegu l\u00edfi og fara yfir hva\u00f0 er l\u00edklegt til a\u00f0 auka verki og hva\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6ttir draga \u00far \u00feeim. \u00ddmsar lei\u00f0ir eru til a\u00f0 draga \u00far \u00fer\u00fdstingi \u00e1 taugar\u00f3t\/-r\u00e6tur sem draga \u00far einkennum. \u00dej\u00e1lfun s.s. styrktar-, \u00fathalds- og li\u00f0leika\u00fej\u00e1lfun undir lei\u00f0s\u00f6gn sj\u00fakra\u00fej\u00e1lfara er s\u00f6mulei\u00f0is mikilv\u00e6gur \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed endurh\u00e6fingarferlinu.<\/p>

Me\u00f0fer\u00f0in r\u00e6\u00f0st af \u00fev\u00ed hve alvarleg einkennin eru og \u00e1 hva\u00f0a sv\u00e6\u00f0i brj\u00f3sklosi\u00f0 er. Alla jafn gengur me\u00f0fer\u00f0in vel og mikill meirihluti f\u00f3lks jafnar sig \u00e1n a\u00f0ger\u00f0ar. \u00dea\u00f0 getur \u00fe\u00f3 teki\u00f0 mis langan t\u00edma.<\/p>

Valgeir Sigur\u00f0sson<\/em>, Sj\u00fakra\u00fej\u00e1lfari hj\u00e1 G\u00e1ska<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Brj\u00f3sklos (diskus prolaps) Hrygg\u00fe\u00f3far, brj\u00f3sk\u00fe\u00f3far e\u00f0a diskar liggja \u00e1 milli hryggjali\u00f0a og mynda li\u00f0am\u00f3t sem gefa kost \u00e1 hreyfingu milli \u00feeirra. Hver hrygg\u00fe\u00f3fi hefur um lei\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6gt hlutverk vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 binda hryggjarli\u00f0i saman og \u00e1 hverjum diski hv\u00edlir talsver\u00f0ur \u00feungi \u00ed ath\u00f6fnum okkar daglega l\u00edfs. \u00dea\u00f0 eru 23 hrygg\u00fe\u00f3far \u00ed hryggnum: 6 \u00ed h\u00e1lsi, 12 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":142,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[18,19,20,21],"class_list":["post-1084","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fraedsla","tag-brjosklos","tag-gaski","tag-hryggjalidir","tag-sjukrathjalfun"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1084"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1489,"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1084\/revisions\/1489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1084"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gaski.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}